Taiwo Ayandeyi

• Post By Taiwo Ayandeyi
• 2 days ago

Harmattan, the dry and dusty season experienced in West Africa from November to March, is characterized by low humidity, cold mornings, hot afternoons, and a dusty atmosphere. While its unique weather pattern is a sign of the changing seasons, it often comes with health challenges. Here are five common illnesses prevalent during harmattan and practical tips on how to prevent them

1. Respiratory Infections

The dusty atmosphere of harmattan often leads to respiratory problems such as asthma, bronchitis, and sinusitis. Individuals with pre-existing conditions like asthma may experience more frequent attacks during this period due to the high concentration of dust and allergens in the air.

Prevention Tips:
Use a face mask to filter out dust particles when outdoors.
Avoid exposure to dusty or smoky environments.
Use an air purifier indoors if possible.
Drink plenty of water to keep your airways hydrated.
Ensure regular cleaning of your living space to reduce dust accumulation.

2. Common Cold and Flu

The chilly mornings and dry air can weaken the immune system, making people more susceptible to colds and the flu. These conditions spread easily during harmattan, especially in crowded spaces.

Prevention Tips:
Dress warmly, especially during early mornings and late evenings.
Wash your hands frequently to reduce the risk of viral infections.
Avoid close contact with infected individuals.
Boost your immunity by consuming fruits rich in vitamin C, such as oranges and lemons.

3. Dry Skin and Cracked Lips

Harmattan’s low humidity strips moisture from the skin and lips, leaving them dry, flaky, and prone to cracks. Without proper care, these conditions can worsen, leading to irritation or infection.

Prevention Tips:
Apply moisturizers or petroleum jelly regularly to retain skin hydration.
Use lip balms or lip moisturizers to prevent chapped lips.
Avoid long, hot showers that can dry out the skin further.
Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.

4. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)

The dusty wind during harmattan often irritates the eyes, increasing the risk of conjunctivitis. This condition can cause redness, itching, and discharge from the eyes.

Prevention Tips:

Wear protective eyewear such as sunglasses when outdoors to shield your eyes from dust.
Avoid rubbing your eyes, especially with unwashed hands.
Wash your hands frequently to prevent bacterial or viral infections.
Use lubricating eye drops to keep your eyes moist.

5. Dehydration
The combination of dry air and increased fluid loss during harmattan can lead to dehydration. This can cause fatigue, dizziness, and dry mouth, which, if not managed, could escalate into severe health issues.

Prevention Tips:
Drink plenty of water throughout the day, even if you do not feel thirsty.
Consume water-rich fruits like watermelon and cucumbers.
Avoid excessive intake of caffeinated or alcoholic beverages, which can dehydrate the body.
Use a humidifier indoors to maintain moisture in the air.

Final Thoughts
Harmattan comes with its beauty and challenges, but being prepared can make a big difference in maintaining good health. By adopting these preventive measures, you can reduce the risk of harmattan-related illnesses and enjoy the season to its fullest. Stay safe, stay healthy!